{"id":17,"date":"2018-07-12T16:37:00","date_gmt":"2018-07-12T14:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tracingspaces.net\/stadt-in-bewegung\/?page_id=17"},"modified":"2019-02-23T23:01:07","modified_gmt":"2019-02-23T22:01:07","slug":"nwbhf-geschichte","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/tracingspaces.net\/stadtinbewegung\/","title":{"rendered":"Nordwestbahnhof Geschichte"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=“in_container“ full_screen_row_position=“middle“ scene_position=“center“ text_color=“dark“ text_align=“left“ overlay_strength=“0.3″ shape_divider_position=“bottom“][vc_column column_padding=“no-extra-padding“ column_padding_position=“all“ background_color_opacity=“1″ background_hover_color_opacity=“1″ column_shadow=“none“ column_border_radius=“none“ width=“2\/3″ tablet_text_alignment=“default“ phone_text_alignment=“default“ column_border_width=“none“ column_border_style=“solid“]
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Vergessen und verdr\u00e4ngt: der Nordwestbahnhof<\/h3>\n

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Trotz der relativen N\u00e4he zum Stadtzentrum ist das Areal des Nordwestbahnhofs der Wiener Bev\u00f6lkerung \u2013 ja sogar seinen unmittelbaren Nachbarn \u2013 gro\u00dfteils v\u00f6llig unbekannt. Der Nordwestbahnhof wurde zu einem vergessenen Ort innerhalb der Stadt, der einer dringenden Wiederentdeckung f\u00fcr die Stadtgeschichte und einer Rehabilitierung seiner Bedeutung als Versorgungsknoten f\u00fcr die Stadt bedarf, noch bevor in naher Zukunft keine Logistik-Expertinnen mehr vor Ort arbeiten und nach der Entwicklung eines neuen Wohnviertels alle seine baulichen Spuren verschwunden sein werden.<\/p>\n

Das aktuelle \u00dcbergangsstadium des Nordwestbahnhofs \u2013 vor seinem endg\u00fcltigen Abbruch \u2013 erscheint uns daher als perfektes Forschungsfeld und letzte Chance die vielen Ebenen der \u00f6konomischen, kulturellen, sozialen und geschichtlichen Transformationen dieses Areals zu untersuchen und die Effekte der Modernisierung und Globalisierung einer vernetzten multimodalen Logistik Industrie sowie \u00fcbergeordneter politischer Ereignisse (Handelsabkommen, Kriege, Embargos, F\u00f6rderungen) auf einen konkrete, lokalen Ort in Wien nachzuzeichnen. Das ist insbesondere dringlich, weil hier heute noch gearbeitet wird und die Expertise noch von den Expert_innen vor Ort abgeholt werden kann.<\/p>\n

Aus diesem Grund wurde im Nordwestbahnhof ein spezieller Projektraum eingerichtet, in dem sich sukzessive eine kleine historische und ethnografische Ausstellung verdichtet, die auch Interviews mit heute vor Ort t\u00e4tigen Logistik-Expert_innen miteinschlie\u00dft.<\/p>\n

Geschichte im Schnelldurchlauf<\/h3>\n

Zwar wurde der Nordwestbahnhof 1872 als monokulturelle Verkehrs-Infrastruktur-Einrichtung\u00a0er\u00f6ffnet,\u00a0die Nutzung\u00a0des\u00a0Areals hat\u00a0aber seit den Anf\u00e4ngen des 19. Jahrhunderts stark variiert: Zuerst\u00a0Vergn\u00fcgungspark, dann gro\u00dfer Kopfbahnhof, dessen Personen-Zugverkehr bald nach dem Ende der Monarchie eingestellt wurde. Prominente Beispiele f\u00fcr die\u00a0fr\u00fche\u00a0Mischnutzung der alten Bahnhofshalle sind die Errichtung einer Indoor-Schipiste f\u00fcr den\u00a0Schneepalast 1927,\u00a0und die Propagandaveranstaltungen\u00a0der NSDAP einschlie\u00dflich der Wander-Ausstellung Der ewige Jude\u00a01938. Gegen Ende des zweiten Weltkrieges wurde der Bahnhof bombardiert, das Kopfbahnhof-Geb\u00e4ude jedoch erst 1952 endg\u00fcltig abgerissen.<\/p>\n

Ein guten \u00dcberblick zur Geschichte inklusive weiterer Quellen bietet der Wikipedia-Eintrag<\/a> und die Seite der Stadt Wien mit Infos aus dem Brigittenauer Bezirksmuseum<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Ein sehr sch\u00f6ner Streifzug durch die Geschichte des Areals von\u00a0Christa Hager mit aktuellen Fotos von\u00a0J. Kerviel findet sich in der Online-Ausgabe der Wiener Zeitung<\/a><\/p>\n

Wirtschaftswunder bis Heute<\/h3>\n

In einer von der Projektleitung Wien Bahnareale (PWB) der Stadt Wien und der Gebietsbetreuung GB*2\/20\u00a0initiierten Geschichtswerkstatt werden Material und Erz\u00e4hlungen zum Bahnhof und seiner unmittelbaren Umgebung gesammelt. Erst schrittweise \u00f6ffnet sich das lange von Mauern und Z\u00e4unen umgebene Logistik-Areal seiner Nachbarschaft. In den 1960er Jahren wurde es zu einem modernen Logistik-Areal, f\u00fcr den\u00a0Umschlag von St\u00fcckgut ausgebaut und entsprechend der geltenden Zollbestimmungen zoniert. Mit der Inbetriebnahme des Rail to Road Container Terminals der \u00d6BB mit zwei gro\u00dfen Kr\u00e4nen wurden hier bis vor kurzem auch Container umgeschlagen. Die grossen Lagerhallen mit Gleisanschluss wurden\/ werden lange Zeit von international t\u00e4tigen Unternehmen wie bspw. Panalpina, DB Schenker, Quehenberger, etc. verwaltet.<\/p>\n

Zwischennutzungen und Zukunft<\/h3>\n

Interessante Zwischennutzungen heute sind der Filmausstatter Props und Co.<\/a>, der private Kleingarten der betagten Frau Faulmann, die multi-kulturelle Fahrschule, die Nutzung als Busparkplatz, und die vielen kleineren\u00a0Speditionen, Handels- und Gewerbetriebe\u00a0etc. in der Ladestrasse 1, wie etwa Autoteile-Express, ein Online Portal f\u00fcr Ersatzteile \u2013 und nat\u00fcrlich wir selbst. Nach der aktuellen\u00a0Phase der Zwischennutzung wird das Areal in absehbarer Zeit einem gro\u00dfen Stadtentwicklungs-Gebiet weichen, das vorrangig gro\u00dfe Wohnbauten, aber auch einen Bildungscampus, Freizeitanlagen und B\u00fcrot\u00fcrme umfassen wird.<\/p>\n

Der\u00a0bislang letzte bekannte Stand der Planungen zur Zukunft des Areals folgt dem aktualisierten st\u00e4dtebaulichen Leitbild<\/a>, ver\u00f6ffentlich am 20. September 2016.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=“no-extra-padding“ column_padding_position=“all“ background_color_opacity=“1″ background_hover_color_opacity=“1″ column_shadow=“none“ column_border_radius=“none“ width=“1\/3″ tablet_text_alignment=“default“ phone_text_alignment=“default“ column_border_width=“none“ column_border_style=“solid“]

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City on the Move \u2013 An Exhibition about a Forgotten Space<\/em><\/h3>\n

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This site specific research project is dealing with the history of one at last partially-active logistic cargo terminals located in the midst of the city of Vienna today\u2014which is scheduled for demolition and to be replaced by a new mixed-use urban development consisting of mainly of high density housing blocks (5.000 apartments for 12.000 inhabitants) in the near future.<\/em><\/p>\n

Nordwestbahnhof (North-West-Station) was one of several train stations opened by competing private train companies during the 19th century. This train line\u2014Nordwestbahn\u2014was initiated and financed by an Austrian-German joint venture and inaugurated by the German Emperor on occasion of the opening of the Vienna World Exposition in 1873. For economic reasons the main purpose of the station and the newly constructed train line was to transport freight between the harbour of Hamburg, Northern Bohemia and Vienna. The transport company Schenker & Co., today one of the biggest players in logistics industries was founded then and opened its first warehouse exactly at this site, which had also been popular for the first warehouses for fish and bananas in Vienna, desirable goods from the North Sea coast and from the colonies.<\/em><\/p>\n

But when the Austrian empire collapsed at the end of First World War the former provinces were lost, the new nations followed their own interests and there was no need for so many passenger train lines. The passenger terminal therefore was used since then as a venue for temporary events of all kinds, e.g. an indoor skiing event in 1929, fascist propaganda rallies and the racist propaganda exhibition \u201cDer ewige Jude\u201d in 1938. Freight transport continued however. After Second World War the building was demolished and the whole area transformed into a modern logistic hub including a rail to road container terminal with huge container cranes and warehouses for optimized rail to road processing of freight.<\/em><\/p>\n

According to today\u2019s users of the terminal its glory days were from the mid-1970s until the fall of the Iron Curtain in 1989. When Austria became member of the EU in 1995, the business was characterized by mergers and taking overs resulting in a concentration of a few big players only. After Austria\u2019s neighbours to the East successively joined, border regulation disappeared\u2014and with it one of the need for the valuable expertise of many logistic companies. Following the post-communist deregulation a huge number of low cost competitors entered the market, and new hubs had been established in nearby Hungary. The decline of this site had started.<\/em><\/p>\n

As early as 2008 a large urban design competition was launched, but the construction of the new housing project was postponed until 2018 and a further postponement for another 4 years is in place. At the beginning of 2017 only the container cranes stopped working. The land is owned by the Austrian state-owned railway-company. Its cargo division is still operating a busy break-bulk hub and a workers canteen in very centre of the compound, processing goods transported mainly by trucks instead of trains today. Although big private companies, like DB-Schenker, had moved their headquarters to new multimodal logistic hubs outside of the city, they did not yet give up their inner-city warehouses and distribution centres.<\/em><\/p>\n

Instead many smaller, specialized companies moved in, sub-renting smaller space with short-time contracts. While employees of the state-owned railway company and the big brands are primarily from Austrian middle class most of the new companies are operated by entrepreneurs with a migrant background. Many of them are too small to survive without exploiting themselves. And (in contrast to the name North-West-Station) the vast majority of HGV truck drivers loading and unloading here driving trucks from Eastern or South-East European companies, or immigrated from these areas, thereby reflecting the significant change in labour market and in the network of destinations. While many heavily depend on the online exchange platforms of the big players, to gain freight to transport, others had established their own networks: e.g. a worldwide online platform for second hand car spare parts, operated by a female immigrant from Russia with partners in Russia, Dubai and Canada, all of them relatives of hers who had emigrated there. Besides the large parking facilities at the margins of the area are also used for container storage, for parking LGV-trucks and busses over night, and by a \u2018multi-cultural\u2019 driving school using the area to offer driving lessons here.<\/em><\/p>\n

Despite of the general emotional affects and aesthetic power of infrastructure and its capacity to mobilize publics around their capacities, flows, and durability, not much had been reported about this site yet. Hence, while the area had been operated by the \u2018public\u2019 state-owned railway company as a cargo terminal after Second World War it was entirely closed to the public \u2013 and only recently the more trains as means of transport decreased (and the managing company increasingly got privatized), the more small-scale private companies moved in, the more the borders of the area got permeable. Nevertheless this large enclosed area up today represents a kind of forgotten place in the mental map of the Viennese population.<\/em>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=“no-extra-padding“ column_padding_position=“all“ background_color_opacity=“1″ background_hover_color_opacity=“1″ column_shadow=“none“ column_border_radius=“none“ width=“1\/3″ tablet_text_alignment=“default“ phone_text_alignment=“default“ column_border_width=“none“ column_border_style=“solid“][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=“in_container“ full_screen_row_position=“middle“ scene_position=“center“ text_color=“dark“ text_align=“left“ overlay_strength=“0.3″ shape_divider_position=“bottom“][vc_column column_padding=“no-extra-padding“ column_padding_position=“all“ background_color_opacity=“1″ background_hover_color_opacity=“1″ column_shadow=“none“ column_border_radius=“none“ width=“1\/1″ tablet_text_alignment=“default“ phone_text_alignment=“default“ column_border_width=“none“ column_border_style=“solid“]

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